Selenium is a vital trace element that plays a crucial role in thyroid function, immune support, DNA repair, and heart and brain health. Acting as a natural antioxidant, it protects cells from damage and may even help prevent cancer.
Although the body requires only 55 micrograms daily, selenium deficiency can lead to weakened immunity, heart disease, and joint disorders. However, too much selenium can cause hair loss, skin rashes, digestive issues, and even organ failure. This fine balance highlights selenium’s narrow therapeutic window, where both deficiency and excess can have significant health consequences.
Selenium and Cancer: A Complex Relationship
Since the 1960s, researchers have explored selenium’s potential in cancer prevention. While some studies suggest it may reduce the risk of prostate and other cancers, large-scale trials have shown mixed results, with some findings linking excessive selenium to a higher risk of skin cancer.
However, selenium may have promising applications in cancer treatment. Research shows that selenium compounds can enhance chemotherapy effectiveness by targeting tumor growth pathways. Clinical trials suggest combining selenium with chemotherapy may help shrink tumors in kidney cancer patients with minimal side effects.
Striking the Right Balance
A diet rich in Brazil nuts, seafood, whole grains, and eggs can provide natural selenium, but supplementation should be carefully monitored. As research progresses, selenium’s potential in medicine and health will become clearer.
